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Global Bioenergy Watch

Data sources & methodology

One section per dataset: what it measures, where every figure comes from, how entities are selected, and what the data cannot tell you.

How we compile the panels

  • Entity figures are taken from primary public documents — annual reports, regulatory filings, national obligation registers and statistical agencies — never from unattributed aggregations.
  • Where a company does not publish a figure directly, the value is derived from a published total and clearly marked as an estimate in the metric notes below.
  • Each dataset states the reporting year its figures refer to and the date it was last reviewed against its sources.
  • Share prices and 1-day changes are live delayed exchange quotes and are not part of the curated datasets.

Top global fuel stations selling biofuels

Retail fuel-station networks that dispense biofuel blends at the forecourt, with site counts and annual biofuel volume sold.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • Biofuel volume sold (million litres per year)Estimate

    Retailer-reported renewable fuel sales where disclosed; otherwise derived from national renewable-fuel obligation registers apportioned by the network's site count and blend level.

  • Biofuel-dispensing sites (retail sites)

    Network size published by the retailer, restricted to sites offering at least one biofuel product.

Coverage

Retail networks in every jurisdiction the tracker follows that operate at least one biofuel-dispensing forecourt. Unbranded single-site operators are out of scope.

Known limitations

  • Very few retailers publish biofuel litres separately from total fuel sales, so most volumes are apportioned estimates rather than reported figures.
  • Site counts move continuously as HVO100 and E85 pumps are added; counts reflect the retailer's most recent published network disclosure.

Global UCO (used cooking oil) suppliers

Collectors, renderers and traders that aggregate used cooking oil as feedstock for biodiesel, renewable diesel and SAF.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • UCO collected (thousand tonnes per year)

    Collection or processing throughput disclosed in the company's annual report, investor presentation or ESG report.

  • Collection footprint (countries served)

    Operating countries listed by the company on its own site network disclosure.

Coverage

Collectors and traders handling roughly 20,000 tonnes a year or more, plus national champions in jurisdictions with an Annex IX Part B obligation.

Known limitations

  • UCO is traded repeatedly before it reaches a refinery, so collected volumes and exported volumes are not additive across companies.
  • Chinese and South-East Asian export volumes are visible in customs data but rarely attributable to a named collector.

Top global oil companies

Integrated oil and refining groups ranked by annual output capacity alongside their live share price and renewable-fuel positions.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • Annual output capacity (million barrels of oil equivalent per year)

    Upstream production plus refinery throughput as reported in the group's annual report or 20-F / 10-K filing, annualised.

  • Share price and 1-day change (primary listing currency)

    Delayed exchange quote for the group's primary listing, refreshed live.

Coverage

The largest listed and state-owned oil and refining groups by output, restricted to those with a disclosed refining or renewable-fuel position.

Known limitations

  • National oil companies report on different boundaries (equity vs operated volumes); figures are normalised to operated capacity where disclosed.
  • Share prices are delayed exchange quotes, not real-time trades, and unlisted state companies have no price.

Top airlines using SAF globally

Carriers ranked by annual sustainable aviation fuel uplift and by SAF as a share of their total jet fuel burn.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • SAF uplift (million litres per year)

    SAF actually uplifted into aircraft as reported in the carrier's sustainability or annual report; offtake agreements that have not yet delivered are excluded.

  • SAF share of fuel burn (% of total jet fuel)Estimate

    Reported SAF share where the carrier discloses one; otherwise SAF uplift divided by reported total fuel burn for the same year.

Coverage

Carriers with a publicly documented SAF uplift, whether driven by a blending mandate, a corporate programme or an offtake agreement.

Known limitations

  • Reporting boundaries differ: some groups report SAF for the whole group, others for a single airline within it.
  • Book-and-claim SAF purchased in one region but burned in another is counted where the carrier books it.

Carriers using biofuel (shipping, trucking, rail)

Freight operators across shipping, road and rail ranked by biofuel consumption and by biofuel share of their fuel mix.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • Biofuel consumed (thousand tonnes or million litres per year, per mode)

    Operator-reported biofuel or green-fuel consumption from sustainability and ESG reports and green-product disclosures (ECO Delivery, Ship Green, ACT+ and equivalents).

  • Biofuel share of fuel mix (% of total fuel)Estimate

    Reported biofuel volume divided by the operator's reported total fuel consumption for the same year.

Coverage

Global container lines, large road-freight fleets and national rail freight operators with a documented biofuel programme.

Known limitations

  • Green-freight products are sold on a book-and-claim basis, so an operator's biofuel volume is not tied to specific voyages or lanes.
  • Road-freight fleets rarely split HVO from fossil diesel in public reporting; those figures are derived from purchase announcements.

Global blending terminals and capacity

Storage and blending terminal operators ranked by terminal count and blended-product throughput.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • Blended-product throughput (million litres per year)

    Throughput of blended fuel reported by the terminal operator or its parent group.

  • Terminals (count of blending-capable terminals)

    Terminal network published by the operator, filtered to sites with biofuel blending capability.

Coverage

Independent tank-storage groups and refiner-owned terminal networks that blend biofuels for domestic obligation compliance.

Known limitations

  • Terminal operators report capacity in cubic metres of storage, not blended throughput; throughput is derived from utilisation disclosures.
  • Joint-venture terminals may be counted by more than one parent in their own reporting.

Sources

Global ethanol production

Fuel-ethanol producers ranked by nameplate production capacity and plant count.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • Nameplate capacity (million litres per year)

    Plant nameplate capacity from the producer's own plant listing, cross-checked against the EIA capacity report and the RFA plant registry.

  • Plants (operating production facilities)

    Count of producing plants, excluding idled and announced-but-unbuilt facilities.

Coverage

Producers with at least one operating fuel-ethanol plant, covering the United States, Brazil, the EU, India and China.

Known limitations

  • Nameplate capacity is not actual output; US plants typically run above nameplate while Indian and EU plants often run below it.
  • Capacity changes hands frequently; ownership reflects the latest completed transaction the sources record.

Global marine biofuel suppliers and users

Bunker suppliers and shipping lines ranked by bio-blended marine fuel delivered or consumed.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • Bio-blended bunker volume (thousand tonnes per year)Estimate

    Port-published bio-blend bunker sales apportioned to named suppliers, and carrier-reported green-fuel consumption for shipping lines.

  • Blend level (% biofuel in the delivered bunker)

    Typical delivered blend (B24, B30 and equivalents) reported by the supplier or the port authority.

Coverage

Physical bunker suppliers at the major bio-blend hubs (Singapore, Rotterdam, Antwerp-Bruges, Fujairah, US Gulf) plus shipping lines with a green-fuel product.

Known limitations

  • Port authorities publish hub totals, not supplier-level splits; per-supplier volumes are apportioned from those totals and supplier announcements.
  • Bio-blend volumes are reported as delivered tonnes of blend, so the pure biofuel content is the blend level times the volume.

Global electricity generators using biofuel

Power generators ranked by biofuel- and biomass-fired generating capacity and annual output.

Figures as reported for 2024 · Last reviewed 2026-09-01

Metrics

  • Bioenergy generating capacity (MW)

    Installed bioenergy capacity reported by the generator, restricted to biofuel and biomass-fired units.

  • Annual bioenergy output (GWh per year)

    Generation from those units as reported by the operator or the national registry.

Coverage

Utilities and independent power producers with at least 100 MW of biofuel or biomass-fired generating capacity.

Known limitations

  • Co-fired coal-and-biomass units are counted at their biomass share where the operator discloses it, and excluded where it is not disclosed.
  • Waste-to-energy plants are included only where the biogenic fraction is separately reported.
Figures are compiled from the primary public sources listed above and may lag the latest filings — always cross-verify against those sources before use in compliance or investment decisions.